Complete guides to solar thermal, PVT hybrid, heat pump and thermal storage technology — from working principles to certification.
13 entries
Conto Termico 3.0 is Italy's direct grant for renewable heating, paid by the GSE and covering up to 65% of eligible costs for heat pumps, solar thermal and hybrid systems — up to 100% for...
ETS2 extends EU carbon pricing to heating fuels from 1 January 2028 — one year later than originally planned, after the postponement was formally adopted in March 2026. Every €50 per tonne...
EU heating products carry energy labels under the 2013 labelling regulations: space heaters are classed A+++ to D by seasonal efficiency ηs, and hot water storage tanks A+ to F by standing...
The EU F-Gas Regulation (2024/573) bans refrigerants with a GWP of 150 or more in new monoblock and air-to-water split heat pumps up to 12 kW from 1 January 2027, while cutting the HFC...
Germany's BEG Heizungsförderung (KfW programme 458) pays a 30% base grant for heat pumps, solar thermal and other clean heating, rising to 70% with the 16% climate-speed bonus and income...
A heat pump moves heat from outside air, the ground or water into a building, delivering 3–5 kWh of heat per kWh of electricity — an efficiency no combustion boiler can approach. This guide...
Thermal storage tanks hold heat until it is needed: buffer tanks store 20–50 litres of heating water per kW of heat pump capacity, while domestic hot water cylinders store 30–50 litres of...
MaPrimeRénov' reopened on 23 February 2026 with a €3.6 billion budget and pays fixed grants by income band: up to €5,000 for an air-to-water heat pump and €11,000 for geothermal or...
A PVT hybrid panel generates electricity and heat from the same collector, delivering 2–3 times more total energy per square metre than a PV-only module — typically 160–220 kWh of...
Four certification schemes control access to the world's main heating markets and subsidies: Solar Keymark in Europe, SRCC OG-100/OG-300 in North America, MCS in the UK and Heat Pump...
Solar thermal collectors convert sunlight directly into usable heat with efficiencies of 60–80% — three to four times the conversion rate of photovoltaics. This guide covers how flat-plate...
The recast Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EU 2024/1275) reshapes European heating choices: fossil-boiler subsidies ended in January 2025, all new buildings must be zero-emission...
The UK's Boiler Upgrade Scheme pays £7,500 toward an air- or ground-source heat pump — rising to £9,000 for oil- or LPG-heated homes between 21 July 2026 and 31 March 2027 — while Ireland's...
